Survey data on shared e-scooter use, parking and multimodal travel behavior in Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, Sweden in 2022.
Creators
- 1. KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Description
Who combines shared e-scooters and public transportation? Insights from Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, Sweden
Boel Berg Wincent boelw@kth.se, Erik Jenelius erik.jenelius@abe.kth.se, Wilco Burghout wilco.burghout@abe.kth.se
Division of Transport Planning, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Usage license
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request for academic research purposes. Access to the dataset is restricted. The data may not be redistributed or shared with third parties without permission from the corresponding author.
Recommended dataset citation
Berg Wincent, B., Jenelius, E., & Burghout, W. (2026). Survey data on shared e-scooter use, parking and multimodal travel behavior in Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, Sweden in 2022 [Dataset]. KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
Dataset description
This dataset contains survey responses regarding shared e-scooter use, multimodal travel behavior, and perceptions of parking regulations among users in Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, Sweden. The survey collected demographic characteristics, travel behavior, modal integration with public transportation, operator usage, and perceptions of accessibility and parking conditions. The survey was in swedish and the dataset is in Swedish.
Related publications
Berg Wincent, B., Jenelius, E. and Burghout, W., 2023. Parkering av elsparkcyklar: Enkätundersökning av effekter och åsikter kring parkeringsförbudet i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö.
Berg Wincent, B., Jenelius, E. and Burghout, W., 2025. Shared e-scooter parking regulation: Effects on rider attitudes, perceptions, and use. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 199, p.104527.
Berg Wincent, B., Jenelius, E., & Burghout, W. 2026. Who combines shared e-scooters and public transportation? Insights from Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö, Sweden. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, 26(2).
Data collection methodology
The survey was conducted in the three largest cities in Sweden: Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. The survey was originally distributed to investigate attitudes and perceptions regarding Sweden’s national shared e-scooter parking policy introduced on September 1, 2022. In addition to parking-related perceptions and behavioral changes, the survey collected information regarding multimodal travel behavior involving shared e-scooters and public transportation, as well as demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of respondents. The survey was distributed in November 2022 in collaboration with the shared e-scooter operator Voi through SurveyMonkey. The survey invitation was distributed via email to users who had completed at least one shared e-scooter trip both before and after the implementation of the parking policy on September 1, 2022.
A total of 77,270 users received the survey invitation: 48,865 users in Stockholm, 16,011 users in Gothenburg and 12,394 users in Malmö. A reminder email was sent one week after the initial invitation to users who had not opened the survey email. No financial compensation, discounts, or promotional incentives were offered to participants. The survey initially generated: 1,082 complete responses from Stockholm, 163 complete responses from Gothenburg, and 177 complete responses from Malmö. Following data cleaning and validation procedures, the final dataset contained: 965 responses from Stockholm, 145 responses from Gothenburg, and 159 responses from Malmö.
Variable descriptions
|
Variable name |
Survey question |
Description |
Categories / values |
|
date_created |
– |
Timestamp when the survey response was submitted |
YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS |
|
age |
Which age group do you belong to? |
Respondent age group |
17 or younger; 18–20; 21–29; 30–39; 40–49; 50 or older |
|
gender |
Gender |
Respondent gender |
Male; Female; Prefer not to say; Other |
|
postal |
What is your postal code? |
Respondent postal code |
Swedish postal code |
|
education |
What is your highest completed education? |
Highest completed education level |
Primary and Secondary; Post-school; Bachelor’s; Master’s; Doctoral |
|
occupation |
What is your main occupation? |
Respondent main occupation |
Full-time employed; Part-time employed; Student; Self-employed; Retired; Unemployed; Other |
|
income |
What is your annual income before taxes? (SEK) |
Annual income before tax |
Under 200,000; 200,000–400,000; 401,000–600,000; 601,000–800,000; Above 800,000 |
|
usage_freq |
How often have you, on average, used shared e-scooters in the last six months? |
Frequency of shared e-scooter use |
Never; Less than monthly; Once or more times per month; Once or more times per week; Once or more times per day |
|
travel_in_sthlm_gbg_malmo |
Do you usually start or end your trips with shared e-scooters within the marked area on the map (Stockholm/Malmö)? |
Whether respondent usually travels within the designated operating zone |
Yes; No |
|
travel_before1september2022 |
Have you used shared e-scooters before September 1, 2022? |
Shared e-scooter usage before parking policy introduction |
Yes; No |
|
travel_after1september2022 |
Have you used shared e-scooters after September 1, 2022? |
Shared e-scooter usage after parking policy introduction |
Yes; No |
|
change_usage_1september2022 |
Has your usage of shared e-scooters changed after September 1, 2022? |
Self-reported change in usage after parking regulation |
Yes, I ride more often now; Yes, I ride less often now; No; Do not know |
|
PT_usage |
In the last 6 months, have you used a shared e-scooter to connect to or from public transportation? |
Whether respondent combined shared e-scooters with public transportation |
Yes; No |
|
PT_trip_share |
How many of your trips with a shared e-scooter are to or from public transportation? |
Share of trips combined with public transportation |
More than half; About half; Less than half |
|
parking_ease_PT |
Is it easy to park at a public transportation station or stop? |
Perceived ease of parking near public transportation |
Always or often; Sometimes; Rarely or never |
|
OPzone |
Derived variable |
Residential location relative to the shared e-scooter operating zone |
Within operating zone; Within operating zone (not Stockholm); Outside operating zone; Unknown |
|
Inner_city |
Derived variable |
Whether respondent lived within the inner city area |
Yes; No |
|
gbg |
Derived variable |
Indicator variable for respondents in Gothenburg |
1 = Gothenburg; 0 = otherwise |
|
malmo |
Derived variable |
Indicator variable for respondents in Malmö |
1 = Malmö; 0 = otherwise |
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request for academic research purposes. Access to the dataset is restricted. The data may not be redistributed or shared with third parties without permission from the corresponding author.
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Additional details
Related works
- Is supplement to
- Report: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-326220 (URL)
- Peer review: 10.1016/j.tra.2025.104527 (DOI)